Joshua Johnston, also known as Joshua Johnson, was a free African American portrait painter who lived and worked in Baltimore during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He is believed to be the first African American to gain recognition as a professional portrait painter in the United States.

Johnston was born around 1765, though details about his early life are sparse. He likely received his training as a painter through an apprenticeship or informal instruction, as there were no formal art schools open to African Americans at the time.

Johnston's portraits are known for their high level of skill and detail, capturing the personalities and characteristics of his subjects with sensitivity and nuance. His work often featured prominent members of Baltimore society, including politicians, businessmen, and their families.

Despite facing racial prejudice and discrimination, Johnston was able to build a successful career as a portrait painter, earning commissions from a wide range of clients. His work was highly regarded during his lifetime, and he was able to support himself and his family through his art.

Today, Joshua Johnston is recognized as an important figure in early American art history, highlighting the contributions of African American artists to the cultural landscape of the United States. His work serves as a reminder of the talent and creativity that have always existed within the African American community, despite the obstacles and challenges they faced.